The city of Yoshkar-Ola-Ola, founded in the middle of the 16th century, is the capital of the Republic of Mari El, which is part of the Russian Federation. It is located 860 kilometers from Moscow, the capital of Russia, on the banks of the Malaya Kokshaga River. The name of the city in translation from Mari means "Red City", that is, the "Soviet" part of the Soviet Union. Initially, Yoshkar-Ola was created as a military fortification, but later it was transformed into a trading city, where merchants, peasants, and artisans started to come, contributing to the further development of the city. Its population now is about 251 thousand people.
The transport significance of the city is not very large, the Malaya Kokshaga River is shallow, navigation along it is impossible, and trains pass through the city only in two directions. The main transport remains automobile transport. Recently the airport started operating again, making direct flights to Moscow, but due to the high price, few can afford such a way of transport.
The city has a developed industry, the main branches of which are engineering, metallurgy, woodworking and instrument making. Among the large enterprises can be mentioned ZAO NP "Zavod Iskorzh", JSC "Stroykeramika", CJSC "Yoshkar-Olinsky meat-packing plant" and others.
The ecological state of the city is not ideal, at the same time is not something out of the ordinary. Transport, air polluting, the industrial enterprises dumping waste in the river, nevertheless, have their destructive influence on the environment. Recently, a number of environmental measures have been carried out to reduce the detrimental impact on the ecology of the city and its environs.
The climate of the city is moderately continental, without sharp temperature fluctuations, but the winter is usually cold and quite long. Nevertheless, the flora of the surroundings of the city is very diverse. In addition to berries, mushrooms, and nuts, in these places, a large number of medicinal plants and flowers grow. Among them, such as the common camomile, mother, and stepmother, with large yellow flowers, St. John's Wort, with a pleasant tart smell. The region is decorated with wild orchids-calypso bulbous with a large and fragrant flower, a green-flowered flower lyubka, its flowers are pale green, almost white and practically odor-free, a Corallorhíza trífida, an orchid whose rhizome is similar to coral. In the city itself, of course, no longer can one meet these wonderful representatives of the plant world, but he also has something to brag about. On many flowerbeds of the city, you can see tall mallow, with large beautiful flowers. No less beautiful are the dahlias, most of them on the flowerbeds of the central part of the city. Irises, they bloom, alas, not for long, but their flowers are very beautiful and especially pleasing to the townspeople and visitors of the city. Peonies and unpretentious marigolds rightfully occupy a place of favorite flowers of city dwellers. In the botanical garden of Yoshkar-Ola, there are collected about 200 rare Red Book-listed plants. This is best to see firsthand!
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